In the icy waters of the North Atlantic, a remarkable creature holds the title of the oldest vertebrate animal on the planet. The Greenland shark, with some individuals estimated to be over 500 years old, offers a glimpse into a bygone era. These ancient sharks, residing in the deep, cold waters around Greenland and Iceland, have captivated scientists and nature enthusiasts alike.

Greenland sharks grow slowly, about one centimeter per year, and can reach lengths of up to 21 feet. Their long lifespans are attributed to their slow growth rate and the frigid temperatures of their habitat, which may contribute to their low metabolism. These factors combine to make the Greenland shark an extraordinary example of longevity in the animal kingdom.

Researchers have used radiocarbon dating of the sharks’ eye lenses to estimate their ages. This method revealed that some Greenland sharks are likely between 300 and 500 years old, making them contemporaries of historical events like the Renaissance and the Age of Exploration.

Despite their impressive size and age, much about the Greenland shark remains a mystery. Their elusive nature and deep-water habitats make them challenging to study. However, what is known underscores their importance in the marine ecosystem and their role as apex predators.

The discovery of the Greenland shark’s remarkable age has profound implications for our understanding of vertebrate longevity and the evolution of life in extreme environments. It also highlights the need for conservation efforts to protect these ancient mariners and their habitats.